Causes Of Sinus Infection

Tiny cavities that are located in the bones near the nose are known as sinuses. An inflammation of the sinuses results in a condition described as a sinus attack, or more popularly, sinusitis. But what exactly is a sinus? What are the causes of a sinus infection? Read on to know more.

The sinuses act as protectors of the skull. They make the skull lighter. They also give the characteristic of echo to voice. Four pairs of sinuses link the nostrils to the nasal passages. Any infection or bacterial invasion of the sinuses leads to sinusitis.

The primary cause of a sinus infection is an inflammation of the nasal membrane lining. Sinuses help in evacuation of mucus and dry air from the nasal passage. An inflammation of the same leads to a blockage in the membrane which traps the mucus and dry air in the sinuses.

The most frequent cause of sinus infections is cold. It congests the nasal membrane. Thus, the evacuation process of the sinuses is prohibited and leads to inflammation. Other causes of sinus infections include scuba diving, owing to the pressure changes involved, and the condition of pregnancy which leads to hormonal changes and inflammation of nasal membrane.

Severe headache, softness in the areas around the eyes and nose, discharge from the nose, fever are some of the symptoms of sinusitis. A sinus infection can be acute, lasting around three weeks, chronic, lasting between three to eight weeks, or recurring, that relapses frequently within a span of time.

The sinus pain is felt in different areas depending on the area affected by the sinus. To illustrate, while getting up from the bed in the morning, a pain is felt in bending the head forward. This is known as frontal sinusitis and it affects the area over the eyes. The pain experienced in the jaws and cheekbones is referred to as maxillary sinusitis. Pain in the bridge between the eyes and the nose is known as ethmoid sinusitis. And a pain in the ears and nose and eyes is referred to as sphenoid sinusitis.

Thus, the causes of sinus infection are manifold and the treatment depends on the on the cause and severity of the infection.

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Causes Of Maxillary Sinus Disease

There are four main sinus cavities in the head. They are frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid and maxillary. As the name suggests, maxillary sinus disease occurs when the membrane of the maxillary sinus cavity becomes inflamed. The maxillary sinuses are basically located below the eyes on either side of the nose. The inflammation of the mucous membrane may be due to infection or allergy.

Maxillary sinus disease basically causes tenderness and acute pain in the cheeks. It may also cause swelling of facial muscles. Pain in the upper or back teeth may also occur. This pain increases on bending down.

Maxillary sinus disease can also occur due to lack of oral health. If a person does not take care of his/ her teeth in a proper manner, there is growth of bacteria in the teeth and the gums. The bacteria may then spread to the maxillary sinus as the sinus cavity is connected to the nasal cavity and the mouth. Maxillary sinus may also cause jaw pain.

Though sinus can easily be cured by medication like anti-inflammatory drugs and decongestants, surgery may also be required at times. Nasal irrigation i.e. removing the mucous with the help of warm saline water and a syringe is another technique used to cure sinus. Some doctors also recommend a warm compress on the affected parts of the face.

Jaw pain caused due to maxillary sinus disease is often confused with regular dental pain though there is a major difference. Jaw pain associated with sinusitis is always accompanied by symptoms like fever, fatigue, nasal discharge and headache. This does not happen in case of dental pain. Jaw pain due to sinusitis always occurs in the upper back teeth whereas dental pain can occur in any part of the teeth.

Jaw pain or other symptoms caused due to maxillary sinus disease should not be ignored. A dentist should be consulted as soon as possible. If the dentist suspects sinusitis, he/she will further recommend the patient to a general physician. Medication should be taken at the earliest to avoid complications and surgery.

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Causes Of Jaw Pain Sinus Disease

Sinusitis is caused by an inflamed membrane which lines the sinus cavities. This inflammation can be caused by virus, bacteria or fungus or by allergens like smoke, dust and pollen. Inflammation in the lining of the maxillary sinus cavity can cause jaw pain sinus disease. Not being able to smile or laugh or even speak properly is so terrible.

Jaw pain sinus disease can also occur due to lack of proper oral hygiene. Our jaws and teeth are connected to the maxillary sinus cavity via the alveolar process which is 'U' shaped. If a person doesn't take good care of his/ her teeth and gums there is bacterial growth in the teeth and gums. These bacteria may spread to the maxillary sinus cavity causing sinusitis. It is recommended that a person should brush twice a day, floss regularly and visit a dentist periodically.

Jaw pain sinus disease is easy to diagnosis as it is normally accompanied with other symptoms of sinusitis like a runny nose, headache mild fever and facial pain. The cheekbones become very tender and are extremely painful if touched.

Jaw pain sinus is often confused with normal dental pain though both of them are very different. Jaw pain sinus can occur only in the upper part of the jaws because only those are associated with the maxillary sinus cavity. Dental pain can occur in any part of the jaws. Jaw pain caused by sinus is very spontaneous unlike dental pain which is continuous. Swollen gums are also associated with jaw pain sinus disease

Jaw pain sinus can be treated just like any other sinus. It can be treated with over the counter medication or antibiotics. Only some extreme cases of sinus require surgery. In this case the infected mucous from the maxillary cavity is removed surgically.

Lack of oral hygiene is not the only cause of jaw pain sinus. The maxillary sinus can also get affected if the other cavities are infected. Infection due to bacteria, virus or fungi and allergies can also cause jaw pain.

Jaw pain sinus disease can be prevented by proper oral hygiene and refraining from allergens like smoke and pollen.

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Causes Of Bad Taste Sinus Disease

A bad taste in the mouth is not a very good experience. There are times when we can taste our own bad breath. This is not a very pleasing experience. Sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinus cavities located in our head. One of the major symptoms of sinusitis is bad breath and bad taste. This is also known as bad taste sinus disease.

Normally, the nose and sinuses produce between a pint and a quart of mucus secretions per day. This passes into and through the nose and picks up dust particles, bacteria and other air pollutants along the way. Tiny hair like structure called cilia which line the nasal cavity sweep the mucous to the back of the throat. Then it is swallowed. The acid in the stomach destroys any harmful bacteria present in the mucous.

Bad taste sinus disease occurs mostly due to post nasal drip. Sinuses are basically a part of the nasal passage which produces mucous. When this network becomes irritated due to some reason like allergy, infection, inflammation, smoke or pollution it begins to produce more mucous than what is required by the sinus cavity. This mucous then flows into the throat causing an awful taste in our mouth.

Bad taste sinus disease is not risky because if the mucous gets swallowed, the stomach destroys any harmful bacteria that are present in the mucous. Sinus can only be risky if it spreads to the brain or the eyes which is very rare. If sinus triggers any other disease like bronchitis, asthma or chronic cough it can be dangerous. Post nasal drip entering the lungs can also be very dangerous.

Bad taste sinus disease is normally accompanied by other symptoms of sinus like headache, fatigue, slow fever, facial pain and tenderness. It can be diagnosed very easily by any medical practitioner.

Treatment of sinus entirely depends on the degree of advancement of the disease. It can be cured by medication or may require surgery or sometimes both. A lot of care and precaution should be taken to avoid bad taste sinus disease. Smoking whether active or passive, should be avoided completely. Proper oral hygiene and proper cleaning of the nose also helps avoiding sinus.

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Causes And Cures Of Chronic Sinus Disease

When all medication for colds ceases to work, a person keeps feeling tired all day, there is intense headache and maybe a fever the person may have a chronic sinus disease. When one or more sinus cavities get infected, a person has a disease called sinusitis. Chronic sinus disease is an advanced form of sinusitis and it may last for three weeks to three months.

Chronic sinus disease can be diagnosed by asking a patient questions about the areas in which a person feels pain. A person might have pain in the head, cheeks and upper teeth. Double or slurred vision may also be associated with chronic sinus. Jarring pain and eyes is also felt in some cases of sinus.

Slow fever is a rarity in chronic sinus disease. It is more prevalent in children as compared to adults. Chronic sinusitis can only be diagnosed if slow fever if accompanied by other symptoms like facial pain and swelling.

Certain protective measures can also be taken by people who have a history of chronic sinus infection symptoms. Using a humidifier and cleaning the nose properly everyday can reduce chances of future occurrence of sinus infection.

There are several ways of treating a chronic sinus disease. Decongestants, antibiotics and other form of oral medication can be given. Some doctors flush the mucous out of the nose using saline water and a syringe. A surgery is the last option which is done only when other options stop working. The infected mucous membrane is then removed surgically. This kind of surgery may be done under local or general anesthesia.

People with chronic sinus also complain of a thick yellow nasal discharge which is full of pus. They may also be blood tinged. This discharge drains to the back of the throat and is referred to as post nasal drip.

Chronic sinus disease can be prevented by consulting a good doctor as soon as the first signs of a sinus infection are observed. A chronic sinus can cause unnecessary pain and trouble. Allergies and colds should be treated as early as possible before they turn into sinus. People with a history of asthma and other allergies should stay away from allergens like smoke, dust and pollen.

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Avoiding Severe Sinus Infection Symptoms

Sinusitis is the inflammation or infection of the mucous membrane of the sinus cavities in the head. This inflammation may be caused by virus, bacteria or allergens. Though sinus infection is somewhat similar to a cold, a typical cold clears up within five to seven days whereas severe sinus infection symptoms may take about three months to clear.

A normal sinus infection is accompanied by headache, facial pain and nasal discharge. Sinusitis symptoms may include symptoms like fever, chills, thick nasal discharge accompanied by blood at times. Severe sinusitis may also result in the loss of sense of taste and smell.

Acute sinusitis may cause the facial tissues to become tender and extremely painful to touch. Severe sinus infection symptoms are normally cured by antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and decongestants. Nasal sprays and head compresses may also be used at times. Some doctors also try to clean the sinuses with salt water and syringes. This process is called nasal irrigation. When all medication fails, doctors may also conduct surgery as a last resort.

Chronic sinus symptoms are fairly difficult to diagnosis as compared to severe sinus infection symptoms. Symptoms in case of chronic sinus are more prolonged and mild. Chronic sinus may often be mistaken for allergy of some kind.

Severe sinus infection symptoms may also include severe cough, sneezing, a sore throat and muscle aches. Rare cases of sinus may create symptoms which can be life threatening. Sinusitis may also cause temporary vision loss, blurred or double vision.

After the beginning of treatment for sinusitis, a patient should return to his/ her doctor if the pain doesn't decrease or it increases in four to five days. Sinusitis symptoms should not be given a chance to aggravate.

Prevention is better than cure. Sinus can be prevented by using a humidifier. People more prone to allergies and asthma should stay away from smoke, dust and allergens like pollen grains. Decongestants should be taken at the first sign of cold. Severe sinus infection symptoms can be a threat to a person's life. They should not be ignored. A doctor should be consulted as early as possible.

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Antibiotics For Sinus Infection

An antibiotic is an amalgamation of two words - 'anti' and 'bacterial'. Thus, an antibiotic is an agent that destroys bacteria. The Encarta Web Dictionary defines an antibiotic as 'a naturally produced substance that kills or inactivates bacteria, but has no effect against viruses'. Antibiotics prevent bacteria from multiplying inside the body. Antibiotics for sinus infection are very effective as a treatment.

The inbuild immunity of our body defends against the bacterial diseases. As soon as the symptoms of any illness occur, the antibodies destroy the bacteria. A healthy body is more capable of fending illness than a weak body. In the absence of a strong immune system, the body is incapable of fighting infections and needs an extra push that comes in the form of antibiotics.

Some of the common antibiotics include penicillin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and macrolides. The bacteria in the human body feed on the nutrients, that enable them to grow, and then split. The bacteria generate more cell wall with growth. Pencillin prohibits the bacteria from building cell walls, thereby, leading to the bursting of bacteria. Amoxicillin is a common antibiotic for sinus infections.

In a similar way, cephalosporins also destroy the cell wall production by the bacteria. These are effective antibiotics for sinus infection, particulary for people who are allergic to penicillin. Macrolides do not directly kill the bacteria but contain their growth by prohibiting them from multiplying. This speeds up the work of the body's immune system. Among the class of macrolides, common antibiotics for sinus infection are erythromycin and clarithromycin.

The latest entry in the world of antibiotics is fluoroquinolones which affect the DNA replication process of the bacteria. Among this class, the most effective antibiotic is maxifloxacin.

The choice of antibiotic depends on a variety of factors including the ability of body to absorb the drug, the body's resistance to the drug, the nature of infection and cost of the drug, to say a few. The antibiotics prescribed vary from person to person in terms of their effectiveness.

Thus, the antibiotics for sinus infection need to be consumed only after a prescription by the doctor, after a detailed analysis of the severity of illness, allergic reactions and side-effects.

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An Overview on Chronic Sinus Problems

The Para nasal sinuses' inflammation, which results from some infection or allergy, is known as sinusitis. If sinusitis lasts for four months or more then it is called as chronic. It can be viral, bacterial, fungal or autoimmune in nature. The chronic sinus problems result from a complicated spectrum of various diseases. Besides the above mentioned, the causes may also include environmental factors such as pollution or dust. Some of the symptoms of are nasal congestion, fever, facial pain, general malaise and discharge of yellow or green mucus.

Sometimes chronic sinus problems can lead one to lose the ability to smell, which is known as Anosmia. Chronic sinusitis is now a day divided into two main types: one with polyps and the other one without polyps. The former is also referred to as Chronic Hyperplastic Sinusitis. These two types are further divided into various sub types. This is done on the basis of pathological origins of the disease.

Recent some studies have pointed to the fungal origins of the chronic sinus problems. Presence of fungus has been found in the sinuses and the nasal cavities as well of the patient suffering with chronic sinusitis. However it is true about some healthy people as well. So it cannot be said with certainty if fungal development is a definite factor leading to chronic sinusitis.

In chronic sinus problems, flush and nasal irrigation are needed to provide relief and to promote the health of sinus cavity. These two also reduces significantly the use of medicine. However, analgesic medicines like Aspirin and Paracetamol are prescribed by the doctors sometimes but with caution. Antibiotics like Amoxicillin are also used if the condition does not improve.

Even though doctors does not prefer surgical approach in dealing with chronic sinus problems, yet in some cases it cannot be avoided. But this is done only after the option of treatment through medicines has been exhausted. Recently, a particular type of sinus surgery has been developed which is called as functional endoscopic. This involves removing pathological and anatomical obstructions in the sinus cavity. Another new surgical method is balloon sinuplasty that unclogs the sinuses in a less invasive way.

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Allergies Sinus Problems

Sinus allergies occur when airborne substances irritate the sinuses and later give birth to allergies. The substances that are transported in air are pollen tree, rage wood, mold, dust and other pollutants. These particles block the sinus passages and discourage the mucus to flow freely. Researchers studied that 70-80% of sinusitis people are having allergies also. Allergies and sinusitis can intricate the regular life of people. There are some of the allergies sinus problems that must be cured before it is too late.

The first problem is excessive sneezing for 8 to 10 times in a row or continuation. It is important to heal this quickly so that it does not able to make tense situations further.

Do you suffer from severe pain when you lie down or bend forward? If it is so then may be you are infected from sinus allergies. This is one of the allergies sinus problems that one can experience. Also, postnasal drip and nasal congestion irritate the person. In postnasal drip, mucus produces in mass quantity at the back of the throat. On the other hand nasal congestion is the clogging of sinus passages and mucous membrane.

Itchy eyes and runny nose for a longer period of time is the next allergies sinus problems. Also, fever and fatigue are the usual problems faced by sufferers. In addition, other problems include loss of taste and smell, excess coughing, weakness, earache and watery eyes.

If allergic sinus problem are irritating for a maximum time then specialized doctor should be consulted. Both prescription and over the counter drug are effective to cure allergies sinus problems. Many people sometimes try anti-histamines to control it. Nasal sprays and decongestants are also recommended.

Besides, these medications, homemade remedies are also a big pain relievers. Neti is one of the traditional processes for irrigating the nasal passages. Neti nasal irrigation heals the allergy sinuses problems with no harm on human body. Also, inhale steam from hot water and take plenty of rest are the other treatments.

These are some of the allergic sinus problems and treatments that can be helpful to cure the sufferers.

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After Sinus Surgery

If you had undergone sinus surgery you will need post operative care so that you don't face any complications. These care is required for a few days after sinus surgery. All you have to do is follow the instructions of the doctor carefully so that you don't face any complications. Regular visits, medications and some home care are the basic three elements of post operation care. Let us discuss in detail why its essential that you take post operative care in sinus surgery.

The internal organs of our facial area are very fragile and they had undergone the blades either natural operations blades or laser technology blades. Hence they become very sensitive and the area where the wound is there due to surgery will take some time to heal. You should do be very careful shaking your head, your positions while you sleep and that you take medications in time after sinus surgery.

Whatever surgery is carried wither of sinus - wither Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), or Image guided surgery, or Caldwell Luc operation, you need post operative care. Here are simple ways to take care of yourself. These are the instructions given by the doctors to various patients after sinus surgery. The guidelines are as follows:

While you sleep you must prop your head with several pillows so that there is no swelling and you feel more conformable. You have will have to do this at least for a week after the surgery.

Always try to avoid strenuous activities and don't bend over suddenly with your heads sown. Even if you have to bend to pick some thing then sit cordially sit and pick it up keeping your head straight. If you bend it may put pressure of the bloods in the healing wound and it may drip down.

While changing the gauze drip pad take care of the time after which you need to change it. If you find after sinus surgery that you need to change the pad soaked with heavy blood after every fifteen minutes, you take the matter to the notice of your surgeon.

Besides these the care that requires after sinus surgery are proper diet, rest, and complete relaxation without stress. These are very common to all patients who undergo surgery. Ask you doctor if there is any exercise that you should do after 30 days from your operation.

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